| 1962-01-17 | Kennedy Executive Order 10988 Grants Federal Workers Collective Bargaining Rights
3 src John F. Kennedy · Federal employees |
| confirmed |
| 1952-06-02 | Youngstown Sheet & Tube v. Sawyer: Supreme Court Strikes Steel Seizure; Jackson Concurrence Becomes Canonical Executive-Power Framework
3 src U.S. Supreme Court · Hugo Black · Harry S. Truman · Fred Vinson |
| confirmed |
| 1952-04-08 | Truman Issues Executive Order 10340 Seizing Nation's Steel Mills; Sets Up Steel Seizure Case
3 src Harry S. Truman · Philip Murray | | confirmed |
| 1951-12-06 | Truman Commissions Brownell Committee to Investigate AFSA Failure, Blueprint for NSA Created
3 src Harry S. Truman · Armed Forces Security Agency · National Security Council |
| confirmed |
| 1950-12-16 | Truman Proclaims National Emergency for Korean War: Declaration Remains in Force When the National Emergencies Act Passes in 1976, Its Powers Ending in 1978
2 src Harry S. Truman · Dean Acheson | | reported |
| 1950-06-27 | Truman Commits U.S. Forces to Korean War by Executive Action Alone, Establishing 'Police Action' Precedent
3 src Harry S. Truman · Dean Acheson · Robert Taft · U.S. Congress · +1 | | reported |
| 1947-07-26 | National Security Act: Structural Transfer of Military-Intelligence Policy From Congressional to Executive Control
3 src Harry S. Truman · U.S. Congress |
| reported |
| 1942-07-02 | FDR Proclamation 2561 Creates Military Tribunal for Nazi Saboteurs; Ex parte Quirin Becomes Cited Precedent for Post-9/11 Detention
3 src Franklin D. Roosevelt · U.S. Supreme Court · Francis Biddle · J. Edgar Hoover |
| confirmed |
| 1942-02-19 | Executive Order 9066 as Executive-Power Template: FDR's Internment Authority Predicate for 2001 Detention Architecture
3 src Franklin D. Roosevelt · Francis Biddle · Earl Warren |
| reported |
| 1942-02-19 | Executive Order 9066 Authorizes Japanese American Internment
3 src Franklin D. Roosevelt · U.S. War Department |
| confirmed |
| 1939-04-03 | Reorganization Act of 1939: FDR Creates Executive Office of the President, Permanent Staff Infrastructure of Modern Presidency
3 src Franklin D. Roosevelt · U.S. Congress |
| confirmed |
| 1937-02-05 | FDR Court-Packing Plan: Executive Assault on Judicial Independence Establishes Permanent Template
3 src Franklin D. Roosevelt · Homer Cummings |
| reported |
| 1936-12-21 | United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export: Sutherland Invents 'Sole Organ' Doctrine of Presidential Foreign-Affairs Supremacy
3 src U.S. Supreme Court · George Sutherland · Franklin D. Roosevelt · John Marshall |
| confirmed |
| 1935-05-27 | Humphrey's Executor v. United States: Supreme Court Limits Presidential Removal Power, Establishes Constitutional Predicate for Independent Agencies
3 src U.S. Supreme Court · George Sutherland · Franklin D. Roosevelt · Federal Trade Commission |
| confirmed |
| 1933-06-16 | Congress Creates the Assistant Solicitor General Post That Became the Office of Legal Counsel; OLC Becomes Binding Interpreter of Executive Authority
3 src Franklin D. Roosevelt · Homer Cummings · U.S. Department of Justice · Office of Legal Counsel |
| reported |
| 1933-03-09 | FDR Invokes Trading with the Enemy Act in Peacetime for Bank Holiday: Wilson-Era Wartime Statute Becomes Domestic Emergency Instrument
3 src Franklin D. Roosevelt · U.S. Congress | | confirmed |
| 1926-10-25 | Myers v. United States: Taft Court Reads Presidential Removal Power Into Article II, Predicate for Later Unitary-Executive Claims
3 src U.S. Supreme Court · William Howard Taft · Woodrow Wilson · Louis Brandeis |
| confirmed |
| 1917-06-15 | Wilson-Era Wartime Executive Architecture: Espionage Act, War Powers Statutes Build Permanent Emergency-Authority Template
3 src Woodrow Wilson · Herbert Hoover · U.S. Congress · Department of Justice |
| reported |
| 1890-12-29 | Wounded Knee Massacre - U.S. 7th Cavalry Kills 250+ Lakota, Primarily Women and Children, Ending Ghost Dance Movement
3 src U.S. War Department |
| confirmed |
| 1876-03-02 | War Secretary Belknap Impeached for Selling Military Post Traderships
4 src Ulysses S. Grant · U.S. House of Representatives |
| confirmed |
| 1875-05-10 | Whiskey Ring Scandal: Treasury Officials Steal Millions in Tax Revenue
4 src Ulysses S. Grant · U.S. Treasury Department |
| confirmed |
| 1874-07-02 | Custer's Black Hills Expedition Violates Fort Laramie Treaty, Discovering Gold and Triggering Rush to Sioux Sacred Lands
3 src U.S. Army · Sioux Nation · Ulysses S. Grant |
| confirmed |
| 1873-04-14 | Slaughterhouse Cases Gut Fourteenth Amendment Protections
3 src U.S. Supreme Court · Louisiana Legislature |
| confirmed |
| 1871-04-20 | Ku Klux Klan Act Authorizes Federal Suppression of Terrorist Violence
4 src Ulysses S. Grant · Ku Klux Klan |
| confirmed |
| 1868-07-09 | Fourteenth Amendment Ratified: Corporate Hijacking Begins
3 src U.S. Congress · Louisiana Legislature · South Carolina Legislature |
| confirmed |
| 1868-04-29 | Fort Laramie Treaty Guarantees Black Hills to Sioux in Perpetuity - Later Violated for Gold Rush
3 src Sioux Nation · U.S. government |
| confirmed |
| 1868-02-24 | Andrew Johnson Impeached for Obstructing Reconstruction
4 src Andrew Johnson · U.S. House of Representatives |
| confirmed |
| 1866-02-19 | Johnson Vetoes Freedmen's Bureau Expansion, Sabotaging Reconstruction
4 src Andrew Johnson · Republican Congress |
| confirmed |
| 1865-05-29 | Andrew Johnson Begins Mass Pardons of Confederate Leaders
4 src Andrew Johnson · Republican Congress |
| confirmed |
| 1864-11-29 | Sand Creek Massacre - Colorado Militia Slaughters 150 Peaceful Cheyenne and Arapaho Under Protection Flag
3 src |
| confirmed |