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DateEventActorsLanes
1923-02-15Charles Forbes Resigns Veterans Bureau Amid Massive Corruption Scandal
Charles Forbes · Warren G. Harding · Charles F. Cramer
3
1923-01-01Edward Bernays Publishes "Crystallizing Public Opinion" Launching Modern PR Industry
Edward Bernays · American Tobacco Company · Sigmund Freud
3
1922-11-01Scripps-McRae League Renamed Scripps-Howard as Second-Largest Newspaper Chain Consolidates Power
E.W. Scripps · Roy W. Howard · Robert Scripps · +1
4
1922-09-01Railway Shopcraft Strike Broken by Daugherty Sweeping Injunction
Harry Daugherty · Warren G. Harding · Railroad Labor Board
3
1922-06-05Supreme Court Rules Unincorporated Unions Can Be Sued in Coronado Coal Case
William Howard Taft · U.S. Supreme Court · United Mine Workers of America · +1
4
1922-05-15Supreme Court Strikes Down Federal Child Labor Tax as Unconstitutional
William Howard Taft · U.S. Supreme Court · U.S. Congress · +1
4
1922-04-15Senate Initiates Investigation of Teapot Dome Secret Oil Leases
John Kendrick · Robert La Follette
2
1922-04-07Albert Fall Secretly Grants Teapot Dome Oil Reserve to Harry Sinclair Without Competitive Bidding
Albert Fall · Harry Sinclair
2
1922-01-01Holding Company Proliferation Enables Corporate Consolidation and Regulatory Evasion
Samuel Insull · J.P. Morgan · Van Sweringen Brothers · +1
4
1921-12-19Supreme Court Invalidates Arizona Anti-Injunction Law in Truax v. Corrigan
William Howard Taft · U.S. Supreme Court · Arizona State Legislature
3
1921-11-30Interior Secretary Albert Fall Receives $100,000 Cash Bribe from Edward Doheny
Albert Fall · Edward Doheny
2
1921-11-23Revenue Act of 1921 Begins Mellon Tax Cuts for Wealthy
Andrew Mellon · Warren G. Harding · Republican Party
3
1921-09-15DuPont-GM Consolidation Creates Model of Interlocking Corporate Control
Pierre du Pont · Alfred P. Sloan · John J. Raskob · +2
5
1921-08-25Battle of Blair Mountain - Largest Armed Labor Uprising in US History
United Mine Workers of America · Sheriff Don Chafin · Baldwin-Felts Detective Agency · +1
4
1921-05-31Harding Transfers Naval Oil Reserves to Interior Department
Warren G. Harding · Albert Fall · Edwin Denby
3
1921-05-19Emergency Quota Act Establishes First Numerical Immigration Limits Based on National Origin
Warren G. Harding · Albert Johnson · U.S. Congress · +1
4
1921-01-03Supreme Court Guts Clayton Act Labor Protections in Duplex Printing Decision
Mahlon Pitney · U.S. Supreme Court · International Association of Machinists · +1
4
1921-01-01American Plan Open Shop Campaign Launches Nationwide Union Suppression
National Association of Manufacturers · U.S. Chamber of Commerce · U.S. Steel · +3
6
1920-08-23Sacco and Vanzetti Arrested in Red Scare Climate of Anti-Immigrant Hysteria
Nicola Sacco · Bartolomeo Vanzetti · Frederick Katzmann · +2
5
1920-08-18Tennessee Becomes 36th State to Ratify 19th Amendment as Women Win Right to Vote
Harry T. Burn · Febb E. Burn · Tennessee General Assembly · +2
5
1920-06-05Jones Act Establishes Shipping Protectionism Still Harming Consumers Today
Wesley Jones · U.S. Congress · American Shipping Industry · +1
4
1920-06-01Farm Crisis Begins as Agricultural Prices Collapse While Debt Remains
Andrew Mellon · Federal Reserve · Farm Bureau · +1
4
1920-05-28'Report Upon the Illegal Practices of the United States Department of Justice' Repudiates Palmer Raids
Felix Frankfurter · Roscoe Pound · Zechariah Chafee · +3
6
1920-03-01Supreme Court Dismisses U.S. Steel Antitrust Case, Ruling Size Alone Not Illegal - Enforcement Ends Until 1945
U.S. Supreme Court · Justice Joseph McKenna · Justice Day · +2
5
1920-01-02Palmer Raids Escalate with Coordinated Mass Arrests Across 33 Cities
Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer · J. Edgar Hoover · Department of Justice · +1
4
1920-01-01Hearst Newspaper Empire Reaches 28 Papers Controlling One in Four American Readers Through Yellow Journalism Tactics
William Randolph Hearst · Hearst Communications
2
1919-11-11American Legion Founded with Corporate Backing as Anti-Radical Force
Theodore Roosevelt Jr. · Hamilton Fish III · George White · +1
4
1919-11-10Abrams v. United States: Holmes Dissents, Articulates 'Marketplace of Ideas' Free Speech Theory
Supreme Court of the United States · Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. · Justice Louis Brandeis · +1
4
1919-11-07Palmer Raids Begin: Attorney General and J. Edgar Hoover Arrest 6,000 in 36 Cities, Deport 249 on "Soviet Ark"
A. Mitchell Palmer · J. Edgar Hoover · U.S. Department of Justice · +3
6
1919-09-22Great Steel Strike Crushed Using Red Scare Propaganda, Palmer Raids
American Federation of Labor · United States Steel Corporation · Elbert H. Gary · +2
5
1919-08-01Hoover Named to Lead Justice Department Radical Division, Origin of Permanent Political Dossier System
J. Edgar Hoover · A. Mitchell Palmer · Department of Justice · +1
4
1919-07-27Red Summer: Chicago Race Riot Erupts as White Mobs Attack Black Neighborhoods, 38 Killed
Chicago Police Department · Irish American athletic clubs · Black Great Migration communities · +2
5
1919-06-04Senate Passes 19th Amendment Sending Women's Suffrage to States for Ratification
U.S. Senate · U.S. House of Representatives · Woodrow Wilson · +2
5
1919-03-03Schenck v. United States: Supreme Court Creates 'Clear and Present Danger' Test, Upholds Espionage Act Convictions
Supreme Court of the United States · Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. · Charles Schenck · +1
4
1918-09-14Eugene V. Debs Sentenced to Ten Years for Antiwar Speech, Runs for President from Prison
Eugene V. Debs · Socialist Party of America · President Woodrow Wilson · +1
4
1918-06-03Supreme Court Strikes Down Federal Child Labor Law in Hammer v. Dagenhart
U.S. Supreme Court · Justice William R. Day · Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
3
1918-05-16Sedition Act of 1918 Expands Espionage Act to Criminalize Anti-Government Speech
U.S. Congress · President Woodrow Wilson · U.S. Postmaster General
3
1918-01-09Wilson Reverses Position and Endorses Women's Suffrage Amendment After Prison Brutality Exposed
Woodrow Wilson · Alice Paul · National Woman's Party · +1
4
1917-12-10Hitchman Coal v. Mitchell: Supreme Court Authorizes Injunctions to Enforce Yellow-Dog Contracts
Supreme Court of the United States · Justice Mahlon Pitney · United Mine Workers of America · +1
4
1917-11-14Night of Terror as 33 Suffragists Brutalized at Occoquan Workhouse by Prison Guards
Lucy Burns · Dora Lewis · Alice Cosu · +3
6
1917-11-05Buchanan v. Warley: Supreme Court Strikes Down Racial Zoning, Property Rights Trump Civil Rights
Supreme Court of the United States · NAACP · Moorfield Storey · +1
4
1917-08-01Frank Little Lynched: IWW Executive Board Member Murdered by Vigilantes in Butte
Frank Little · Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) · Anaconda Copper Mining Company · +1
4
1917-07-28War Industries Board Established: Bernard Baruch and "Dollar-a-Year Men" Institutionalize Corporate-Government Fusion
Bernard Baruch · President Woodrow Wilson · U.S. War Department · +1
4
1917-07-12Bisbee Deportation: Phelps Dodge and Vigilantes Illegally Deport 1,300 Striking Miners
Phelps Dodge Corporation · Walter Douglas · Sheriff Harry Wheeler · +2
5
1917-06-22First Suffragist Arrests Begin for White House Picketing as State Repression Escalates
Alice Paul · Lucy Burns · National Woman's Party · +2
5
1917-06-15Espionage Act Signed: Wilson Criminalizes Antiwar Speech, Targets IWW Labor Organizers and Socialists
President Woodrow Wilson · Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) · Eugene V. Debs · +3
6
1917-06-15Wilson-Era Wartime Executive Architecture: Espionage Act, War Powers Statutes Build Permanent Emergency-Authority Template
Woodrow Wilson · Bernard Baruch · Herbert Hoover · +3
6
1917-06-08Speculator Mine Fire Kills 168 Workers: Anaconda Safety Failures Trigger Butte Strike and Repression
Anaconda Copper Mining Company · Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) · Metal Mine Workers' Union · +1
4
1917-04-20Justice Department Authorizes American Protective League, 250,000-Member Vigilante Surveillance Network
Thomas Gregory · A. M. Briggs · Bureau of Investigation · +2
5
1917-04-13Committee on Public Information Created: Wilson Establishes Federal Propaganda Machine
President Woodrow Wilson · George Creel · Secretary of State Robert Lansing · +2
5
1917-01-16British Intercept Zimmermann Telegram, Demonstrating Value of Signals Intelligence to U.S. Policy
Arthur Zimmermann · British Admiralty Room 40 · Woodrow Wilson · +2
5
1917-01-10National Woman's Party Begins Historic White House Picketing as Silent Sentinels
Alice Paul · Lucy Burns · National Woman's Party · +1
4
1916-11-14Inez Milholland Dies During Western Suffrage Tour Becoming Martyr for the Cause
Inez Milholland · National Woman's Party · Alice Paul
3
1916-11-05Everett Massacre: Lumber Company Vigilantes Kill IWW Members at City Dock
Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) · Everett Commercial Club · Sheriff Donald McRae · +1
4
1916-09-03Adamson Act Establishes Eight-Hour Workday for Railroad Workers
President Woodrow Wilson · Representative William C. Adamson · Railroad Labor Brotherhoods · +2
5
1916-09-01Keating-Owen Child Labor Act Passed, First Federal Child Labor Restriction
U.S. Congress · President Woodrow Wilson
2
1916-07-30German Sabotage Destroys Black Tom Munitions Depot, Exposes U.S. Counterintelligence Vacuum
German Imperial Government · Franz von Papen · Franz von Rintelen · +2
5
1916-01-01Corporate Interests Mobilize Systematic Opposition to Women's Suffrage to Protect Profits
Liquor Industry · Textile Manufacturers · Railroad companies · +1
4
1915-11-25KKK Revived at Stone Mountain Cross Burning: Simmons Coordinates with Birth of a Nation Premiere
William J. Simmons · Ku Klux Klan · D.W. Griffith
3
1915-08-17Leo Frank Lynched by Antisemitic Mob After Governor Commutes Sentence: Only Jewish Lynching in U.S. History
Leo Frank · William J. Simmons · Knights of Mary Phagan · +1
4
1915-06-21Guinn v. United States: Supreme Court Strikes Down Grandfather Clauses as Fifteenth Amendment Violation
U.S. Supreme Court · Chief Justice Edward White · Oklahoma Legislature · +1
4
1915-05-07Lusitania Sunk by German U-Boat with 173 Tons of Munitions Aboard: 1,200 Dead, Morgan Profiteering Exposed
RMS Lusitania · German Navy · British Government · +2
5
1915-02-08Birth of a Nation Premieres in Los Angeles: Groundbreaking Film Glorifies KKK, Depicts Black Americans as Evil
D.W. Griffith · Woodrow Wilson · William J. Simmons · +1
4
1915-01-25Rockefeller Testifies Before Walsh Commission: Three Days of Public Humiliation Over Ludlow Massacre
John D. Rockefeller Jr. · Frank Walsh · Commission on Industrial Relations · +1
4
1914-10-15Clayton Antitrust Act Signed: Labor Unions Exempted from Antitrust Laws, Gompers Calls It Labor's Magna Carta
President Woodrow Wilson · Henry De Lamar Clayton Jr. · Samuel Gompers · +2
5
1914-09-26Wilson Signs Federal Trade Commission Act, Creating Expert Antitrust Enforcement Agency
Woodrow Wilson · Federal Trade Commission · U.S. Congress
3
1914-08-01JP Morgan Becomes Allied War Financier: $3 Billion in Loans and Munitions Contracts, Abandons Neutrality for Profit
JP Morgan & Co. · British Government · French government · +3
6
1914-04-20Ludlow Massacre - National Guard Attacks Striking Miners, Kills 21 Including Women and Children
Colorado National Guard · Colorado Fuel and Iron Company · United Mine Workers of America · +3
6
1913-12-23Federal Reserve Act Creates Central Banking System: Wilson Signs Compromise Between Private Bank Control and Government Oversight
President Woodrow Wilson · Carter Glass · Robert Latham Owen · +2
5
1913-10-03Underwood Tariff Slashes Corporate Protection, Establishes Modern Income Tax After 16th Amendment
President Woodrow Wilson · Oscar Underwood · Democratic Party
3
1913-08-03Wheatland Hop Riot: IWW Farmworkers Protest Conditions, Deputies Kill Four, Leaders Framed
Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) · Blackie Ford · Herman Suhr · +2
5
1913-04-11Wilson Administration Segregates Federal Government: Jim Crow Comes to Washington
President Woodrow Wilson · Postmaster General Albert Burleson · Treasury Secretary William McAdoo · +3
6
1913-04-0817th Amendment Ratified: Direct Election of Senators Ends State Legislature Appointments and Deadlock Corruption
Connecticut State Legislature · U.S. Congress · Progressive Movement
3
1913-04-01JP Morgan Dies in Rome: House of Morgan Partners Blame Pujo Committee Testimony Stress
JP Morgan · Pujo Committee · Samuel Untermyer · +1
4
1913-03-03Women's Suffrage Parade in Washington Attacked by Hostile Crowds as Police Stand By
Alice Paul · Lucy Burns · Inez Milholland · +2
5
1913-02-25Paterson Silk Strike: IWW Leads 25,000 Workers in Five-Month Struggle Against Textile Manufacturers
Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) · Big Bill Haywood · Elizabeth Gurley Flynn · +3
6
1913-02-0316th Amendment Ratified: Federal Income Tax Established to Shift Burden from Middle Class to Wealthy
Delaware State Legislature · Philander C. Knox · U.S. Congress · +1
4
1912-11-05Montana Voters Pass Corrupt Practices Act Banning Corporate Political Spending
Montana voters · William A. Clark · F. Augustus Heinze · +3
6
1912-08-07Theodore Roosevelt Forms Bull Moose Party After GOP Convention Theft: Republican Split Ensures Wilson Victory
Theodore Roosevelt · William Howard Taft · Woodrow Wilson · +2
5
1912-06-13DuPont Powder Trust Ordered Dissolved, But Family Control and Geographic Proximity Limit Effectiveness
U.S. District Court for Delaware · E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company · DuPont family · +2
5
1912-05-16Pujo Committee Hearings Begin: Money Trust Investigation Exposes JP Morgan Control of $22 Billion Through 341 Interlocking Directorships
Arsène Pujo · Samuel Untermyer · JP Morgan · +3
6
1912-04-18Paint Creek-Cabin Creek Mine War: West Virginia Declares Martial Law, Mother Jones Imprisoned
United Mine Workers of America · Mary Harris Jones · Governor William Glasscock · +2
5
1912-01-12Lawrence "Bread and Roses" Strike: IWW Unites 20,000 Workers Across 51 Nationalities, Wins 15% Raise
Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) · Joseph Ettor · Arturo Giovannitti · +1
4
1911-05-29Supreme Court Orders American Tobacco Breakup, Applying Rule of Reason to Tobacco Trust
U.S. Supreme Court · Chief Justice Edward White · American Tobacco Company · +1
4
1911-05-15Standard Oil Breakup's Paradox - Rockefeller's Wealth Triples as Fragmented Companies Reconsolidate
John D. Rockefeller · Standard Oil Company · U.S. Supreme Court
3
1911-05-15Supreme Court Orders Standard Oil Breakup in Landmark Antitrust Decision
U.S. Supreme Court · John D. Rockefeller · Standard Oil Company · +1
4
1911-03-25Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Kills 146, Exposes Corporate Negligence
Triangle Waist Company · New York Factory Investigating Commission · Frances Perkins · +1
4
1911-02-24Buck's Stove Case: Gompers, Mitchell, Morrison Sentenced for Contempt, Boycotts Criminalized
Samuel Gompers · John Mitchell · Frank Morrison · +3
6
1911-01-16Aldrich Plan for Banking Reform Submitted: Secret Jekyll Island Meeting Proposes Wall Street-Controlled Central Bank
Nelson Aldrich · JP Morgan interests · Paul Warburg · +2
5
1910-06-18Mann-Elkins Act Strengthens Railroad Regulation, Expands ICC Authority to Telecommunications
President William Howard Taft · Stephen Benton Elkins · James Robert Mann · +1
4
1910-03-19Insurgent Republicans Revolt Against Speaker Cannon: 29-Hour Session Strips Autocratic Powers, Splits GOP
Joseph Cannon · George William Norris · President William Howard Taft · +1
4
1909-08-05Payne-Aldrich Tariff Betrays Progressive Promises: Taft Praises "Best Tariff Bill," Splits Republican Party
President William Howard Taft · Nelson Aldrich · Progressive Republicans · +1
4
1909-03-04Roosevelt Leaves Office After 44 Antitrust Suits, Revealing Progressive Era Reform Limits
Theodore Roosevelt · William Howard Taft · J.P. Morgan · +2
5
1908-07-26Bonaparte Creates Bureau of Investigation Inside DOJ, Bypassing Congressional Opposition
Attorney General Charles Bonaparte · President Theodore Roosevelt · Stanley Finch · +2
5
1908-02-24Muller v. Oregon: Brandeis Brief Upholds Women's Labor Protections Using Paternalistic Reasoning
Supreme Court of the United States · Louis Brandeis · Curt Muller · +2
5
1908-02-03Supreme Court Loewe v. Lawlor Decision Holds Union Members Personally Liable for Damages
U.S. Supreme Court · Chief Justice Melville W. Fuller · United Hatters of North America · +3
6
1908-01-27Adair v. United States: Supreme Court Strikes Down Federal Ban on Yellow-Dog Contracts
Supreme Court of the United States · Justice John Marshall Harlan · William Adair · +1
4
1907-11-02Roosevelt Approves U.S. Steel Acquisition of Tennessee Coal & Iron During Panic, Exposing Reform Limits
Theodore Roosevelt · J.P. Morgan · Elbert H. Gary · +4
7
1907-07-19Roosevelt Justice Department Files Antitrust Suit Against American Tobacco Trust
Theodore Roosevelt · U.S. Department of Justice · American Tobacco Company · +1
4
1906-06-30Roosevelt Signs Pure Food and Drug Act and Meat Inspection Act
Theodore Roosevelt · Harvey Washington Wiley · Upton Sinclair · +1
4