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DateEventActorsLanes
1938-06-16Temporary National Economic Committee Launches Comprehensive Investigation of Monopoly and Economic Concentration
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Joseph O'Mahoney · Thurman Arnold · +2
5
1938-05-26Dies Committee (HUAC) Formed by Conservative Democrats to Discredit New Deal as Communist Infiltration
Martin Dies Jr. · John Garner · U.S. House of Representatives · +1
4
1938-04-29FDR Warns Congress That Concentrated Corporate Power Threatens American Democracy with Fascism
Franklin D. Roosevelt · U.S. Congress · concentrated corporate interests
3
1938-01-01FHA Underwriting Manual Formalizes Racial Covenants, Physical Segregation
Federal Housing Administration · U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
2
1937-07-22Senate Defeats FDR Court-Packing Plan 70-22, Handing Roosevelt His Greatest Legislative Defeat
U.S. Senate · Franklin D. Roosevelt · Senate Judiciary Committee · +3
6
1937-06-19Little Steel Strike - Steel Companies Defy Wagner Act, Refuse Union Recognition Despite Legal Obligation
Republic Steel · Tom Girdler · Bethlehem Steel · +5
8
1937-06-01IBM's Thomas Watson Receives Nazi Merit Cross of the German Eagle as IBM Profits from Punch Card Technology
Thomas J. Watson · Adolf Hitler · IBM · +2
5
1937-05-30Memorial Day Massacre - Chicago Police Kill Ten Strikers and Wound 90 at Republic Steel Using Corporate-Supplied Weapons
Chicago Police Department · Republic Steel Corporation · Steel Workers Organizing Committee · +2
5
1937-05-26Battle of the Overpass - Ford Motor Company Thugs Brutally Attack UAW Organizers in Planned Assault at River Rouge
Ford Motor Company · Harry Bennett · Ford Service Department · +5
8
1937-05-01Roosevelt Recession Begins After Conservative Treasury Secretary Persuades FDR to Cut Spending 17 Percent
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Henry Morgenthau Jr. · Federal Reserve · +3
6
1937-04-12NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel - Supreme Court Upholds Wagner Act in Constitutional Revolution
Supreme Court of the United States · Charles Evans Hughes · Owen Roberts · +3
6
1937-03-29West Coast Hotel v. Parrish - "Switch in Time" Supreme Court Upholds State Minimum Wage Law
Supreme Court of the United States · Owen Roberts · Charles Evans Hughes · +2
5
1937-02-11General Motors Capitulates to UAW After 44-Day Flint Sit-Down Strike, Recognizing Union in Historic Labor Victory
United Auto Workers · General Motors · Alfred Sloan Jr. · +4
7
1937-02-05FDR Announces Judicial Reorganization Plan to Add Up to Six Supreme Court Justices, Triggering Court-Packing Crisis
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Supreme Court of the United States · John Nance Garner · +3
6
1937-02-05FDR Court-Packing Plan: Executive Assault on Judicial Independence Establishes Permanent Template
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Homer Cummings · Burton Wheeler · +2
5
1937-01-11Battle of the Running Bulls - Flint Police and GM Security Forces Attack Sit-Down Strikers with Tear Gas and Gunfire
United Auto Workers · Flint Police Department · General Motors security forces · +4
7
1936-12-30UAW Autoworkers Launch Historic Flint Sit-Down Strike Against General Motors, Occupying Fisher Body Plants
United Auto Workers · General Motors · Fisher Body workers · +6
9
1936-12-21United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export: Sutherland Invents 'Sole Organ' Doctrine of Presidential Foreign-Affairs Supremacy
U.S. Supreme Court · George Sutherland · Franklin D. Roosevelt · +2
5
1936-09-01Mohawk Valley Formula Exposed as Corporate Blueprint for Breaking Unions and Evading Wagner Act
Remington Rand · James Rand Jr. · National Association of Manufacturers · +2
5
1936-08-24Roosevelt Secret Oral Directive Authorizes FBI General Intelligence Without Statutory Basis
Franklin D. Roosevelt · J. Edgar Hoover · Cordell Hull · +1
4
1936-06-19Robinson-Patman Act Prohibits Price Discrimination to Protect Small Retailers from Chain Store Power
U.S. Congress · Senator Joseph T. Robinson · Representative Wright Patman · +1
4
1936-06-06La Follette Civil Liberties Committee Begins Investigation Exposing Corporate Union-Busting and Industrial Espionage
Robert La Follette Jr. · U.S. Senate · Pinkerton Detective Agency · +5
8
1936-01-25Former Democratic Presidential Candidate Al Smith Delivers Vitriolic Anti-Roosevelt Speech at Liberty League Dinner
Al Smith · American Liberty League · Franklin D. Roosevelt · +2
5
1936-01-15La Follette Committee Exposes Pinkerton and Burns Detective Agencies' Massive Labor Espionage Network
La Follette Committee · Pinkerton Detective Agency · Burns Detective Agency · +4
7
1936-01-06Supreme Court Strikes Down Agricultural Adjustment Act in United States v. Butler, Invalidating Key New Deal Farm Program
Supreme Court of the United States · Owen J. Roberts · Harlan Fiske Stone · +4
7
1935-11-09Congress of Industrial Organizations Founded, Challenges AFL Craft Unionism
John L. Lewis · United Mine Workers of America · Sidney Hillman · +2
5
1935-09-08Huey Long Assassinated, Ending "Share Our Wealth" Challenge to Both Corporate Power and New Deal Moderation
Huey Long · Carl Weiss · Franklin D. Roosevelt · +2
5
1935-08-30Revenue Act of 1935 Enacts "Wealth Tax" on Highest Incomes
Franklin D. Roosevelt · John D. Rockefeller · Business community · +1
4
1935-08-26Public Utility Holding Company Act Breaks Up Utility Monopolies
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Federal Trade Commission · Electric utility industry · +1
4
1935-08-23Banking Act of 1935 Restructures Federal Reserve, Reduces Wall Street Influence Over Monetary Policy
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Marriner Eccles · Carter Glass · +3
6
1935-08-14Social Security Act Creates Federal Retirement and Unemployment Insurance System Over Business Opposition
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Frances Perkins · U.S. Congress · +3
6
1935-07-05Wagner Act Establishes Federal Protection for Union Rights and Collective Bargaining
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Robert Wagner · U.S. Congress · +2
5
1935-07-01Bureau of Investigation Formally Renamed Federal Bureau of Investigation, Professionalization Era Begins
J. Edgar Hoover · Federal Bureau of Investigation · Franklin D. Roosevelt · +1
4
1935-05-27"Black Monday" Supreme Court Unanimously Strikes Down National Industrial Recovery Act in Three Anti-New Deal Rulings
Supreme Court of the United States · Charles Evans Hughes · Benjamin Cardozo · +3
6
1935-05-27Humphrey's Executor v. United States: Supreme Court Limits Presidential Removal Power, Establishes Constitutional Predicate for Independent Agencies
U.S. Supreme Court · George Sutherland · Franklin D. Roosevelt · +2
5
1935-05-11Rural Electrification Administration Created to Bring Power to Farms Private Utilities Refused to Serve
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Morris Cooke · private utility companies · +2
5
1935-01-01National Association of Manufacturers Launches Unprecedented Multi-Million Dollar Anti-New Deal Propaganda Campaign
National Association of Manufacturers · Robert Lund · Du Pont · +5
8
1934-11-20Marine General Smedley Butler Testifies to Congressional Committee About Wall Street Plot to Overthrow FDR
Smedley Butler · McCormack-Dickstein Committee · Gerald MacGuire · +4
7
1934-08-22American Liberty League Founded by Du Pont Family and Corporate Elite to Oppose New Deal
Irénée du Pont · John Jacob Raskob · Jouett Shouse · +6
9
1934-07-02Joseph Kennedy Appointed First SEC Chairman - Wall Street Insider to Police Wall Street
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Joseph P. Kennedy · Securities and Exchange Commission · +1
4
1934-06-27Federal Housing Administration Created, Institutionalizes Racial Segregation
Federal Housing Administration · Federal Home Loan Bank Board · U.S. Chamber of Commerce
3
1934-06-19Communications Act of 1934 Creates FCC and Consolidates Federal Media Regulation Under Public Interest Standard
Franklin D. Roosevelt · U.S. Congress · Federal Communications Commission · +1
4
1934-06-19Office of Legal Counsel Established in DOJ Reorganization; Becomes Binding Interpreter of Executive Authority
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Homer Cummings · U.S. Department of Justice · +1
4
1934-06-16Pecora Commission Issues Final Report on Wall Street Corruption
Ferdinand Pecora · U.S. Senate Committee on Banking and Currency · Senator Duncan Fletcher
3
1934-06-06Securities Exchange Act Creates SEC, Regulates Secondary Markets
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Joseph P. Kennedy · Ferdinand Pecora · +5
8
1934-04-12Nye Committee Begins Investigation of War Profiteering and Munitions Industry "Merchants of Death"
Gerald Nye · U.S. Senate · J.P. Morgan Jr. · +3
6
1934-01-30Gold Reserve Act Nationalizes Gold Holdings and Devalues Dollar Over Wall Street Opposition
Franklin D. Roosevelt · U.S. Congress · Federal Reserve · +3
6
1933-06-16National Industrial Recovery Act Creates NRA Blue Eagle Program, Enabling Corporate Self-Regulation
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Hugh Johnson · U.S. Congress · +4
7
1933-06-13Home Owners' Loan Corporation Created, Establishes Racial Appraisal Framework
Home Owners' Loan Corporation · Franklin D. Roosevelt · Federal Home Loan Bank Board · +1
4
1933-06-13Home Owners' Loan Corporation Creates "Residential Security" Maps: The Federal Government Invents Redlining
Home Owners' Loan Corporation · Federal Home Loan Bank Board · Franklin D. Roosevelt
3
1933-05-27Securities Act of 1933 Establishes Federal Securities Regulation
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Huston Thompson · Federal Trade Commission · +2
5
1933-05-24J.P. Morgan Jr. Testifies, Preferred List and Tax Evasion Exposed
J.P. Morgan Jr. · J.P. Morgan and Company · Ferdinand Pecora · +3
6
1933-05-23Pecora Commission Exposes Albert Wiggin's Short Selling of Chase Bank Stock
Albert H. Wiggin · Chase National Bank · Ferdinand Pecora · +1
4
1933-05-18Tennessee Valley Authority Created as Public Power Alternative to Private Utility Monopolies
Franklin D. Roosevelt · George Norris · U.S. Congress · +4
7
1933-03-31Civilian Conservation Corps Created as First Federal Youth Employment Program
Franklin D. Roosevelt · U.S. Congress · Robert Fechner · +2
5
1933-03-09Emergency Banking Act Passes in Eight Hours to Stabilize Collapsing Banking System
Franklin D. Roosevelt · U.S. Congress · Federal Reserve · +2
5
1933-03-09FDR Invokes Trading with the Enemy Act in Peacetime for Bank Holiday: Wilson-Era Wartime Statute Becomes Domestic Emergency Instrument
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Henry Morgenthau · William Woodin · +1
4
1933-03-06FDR Declares National Bank Holiday, Closing All Banks to Stop Collapse of Financial System
Franklin D. Roosevelt · Banking industry · Federal Reserve · +1
4
1933-02-21Charles Mitchell Testifies Before Pecora Commission, Resigns in Disgrace
Charles E. Mitchell · National City Bank · National City Company · +2
5
1933-01-15Ferdinand Pecora Appointed Chief Counsel to Senate Banking Investigation
Ferdinand Pecora · Senator Peter Norbeck · Senator Duncan Fletcher · +1
4
1932-07-28MacArthur Uses Tanks and Tear Gas to Violently Suppress Bonus Army of 43,000 Veterans
Douglas MacArthur · Herbert Hoover · Dwight D. Eisenhower · +3
6
1932-03-02Senate Banking Committee Launches Investigation into Wall Street Crash
U.S. Senate Committee on Banking and Currency · Senator Peter Norbeck · Senator Duncan Fletcher
3
1931-07-20Albert Fall Enters Prison as First Cabinet Member Incarcerated for Felony Crimes
Albert Fall
1
1931-06-01Banking Crisis Accelerates with 2,300 Bank Failures in 1931 as Hoover Resists Federal Intervention
Herbert Hoover · Federal Reserve · American bankers · +1
4
1930-06-17Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act Enacts Corporate Protectionism Despite Economist Warnings
Herbert Hoover · Reed Smoot · Willis C. Hawley · +2
5
1930-04-30Army Signal Intelligence Service Founded Under Friedman, Institutional Ancestor of NSA
William F. Friedman · U.S. Army Signal Corps · Signal Intelligence Service · +1
4
1929-10-31Stimson Closes Yardley's Black Chamber, Briefly Interrupting U.S. Peacetime Signals Intelligence
Henry L. Stimson · Herbert O. Yardley · State Department · +2
5
1929-10-25Albert Fall Convicted of Bribery - First Cabinet Member Imprisoned for Crimes in Office
Albert Fall · Edward Doheny
2
1929-08-01Investment Trust Leverage Pyramids Reach Unsustainable Peak
Goldman Sachs · Investment Trusts · Federal Reserve
3
1929-03-31Bernays "Torches of Freedom" Campaign Uses Feminism to Sell Cigarettes
Edward Bernays · American Tobacco Company · George Washington Hill
3
1929-02-02Federal Reserve Warns Against Speculation But Takes No Effective Action
Federal Reserve Board · Benjamin Strong · Charles Mitchell · +2
5
1928-08-27Kellogg-Briand Pact Outlaws War While Preserving Imperial Prerogatives
Frank Kellogg · Aristide Briand · Calvin Coolidge · +1
4
1928-01-01Margin Buying Explosion Enables Rampant Stock Market Speculation
Federal Reserve · Goldman Sachs · Investment Trusts
3
1927-09-18CBS Founded as Radio Broadcasting Oligopoly Takes Shape
William Paley · Columbia Phonograph Company · Arthur Judson · +1
4
1927-08-23Sacco and Vanzetti Executed After Seven Years of Biased Proceedings
Nicola Sacco · Bartolomeo Vanzetti · Alvin Fuller · +2
5
1927-05-02Supreme Court Endorses Forced Sterilization in Buck v. Bell Eugenics Decision
Oliver Wendell Holmes · Carrie Buck · Harry Laughlin · +2
5
1927-04-21Great Mississippi Flood Exposes Racial Labor Exploitation and Plantation System
Herbert Hoover · LeRoy Percy · Red Cross · +1
4
1927-04-11Supreme Court Applies Antitrust Law to Union Secondary Boycotts in Bedford Cut Stone
George Sutherland · U.S. Supreme Court · Journeymen Stone Cutters Association · +1
4
1927-02-25McFadden Act Perpetuates Banking Fragmentation, Prohibits Interstate Branching
Louis Thomas McFadden · Calvin Coolidge · U.S. Congress · +1
4
1927-02-23Radio Act of 1927 Establishes Public Ownership of Airwaves and "Public Interest" Broadcasting Standard
Calvin Coolidge · Clarence Dill · Wallace H. White Jr. · +2
5
1927-01-01Company Unions Peak as Welfare Capitalism Undermines Independent Labor
Goodyear Tire · U.S. Steel · National Association of Manufacturers · +1
4
1926-11-15NBC Created as RCA Establishes Radio Broadcasting Monopoly
David Sarnoff · Radio Corporation of America · General Electric · +2
5
1926-10-25Myers v. United States: Taft Court Reads Presidential Removal Power Into Article II, Predicate for Later Unitary-Executive Claims
U.S. Supreme Court · William Howard Taft · Woodrow Wilson · +3
6
1926-08-06Gertrude Ederle Swims English Channel But Era Constrains Women's Progress
Gertrude Ederle · Women's Sports Organizations
2
1926-02-26Revenue Act of 1926 Slashes Top Tax Rate to 25%, Abolishes Gift Tax in Full Mellon Plan
Andrew Mellon · Calvin Coolidge · U.S. Congress · +1
4
1925-11-14D.C. Stephenson Convicted of Murder Exposing Klan Leadership Corruption
D.C. Stephenson · Madge Oberholtzer · Indiana Ku Klux Klan · +1
4
1925-08-08KKK Marches on Washington at Peak of Institutional Influence
Ku Klux Klan · Hiram Evans · D.C. Klan · +1
4
1925-06-08Supreme Court Upholds Criminal Anarchy Conviction While Expanding Due Process
Edward Sanford · Benjamin Gitlow · U.S. Supreme Court · +1
4
1925-05-25Supreme Court Reverses Coronado Decision, Opens Unions to Antitrust Liability
William Howard Taft · U.S. Supreme Court · United Mine Workers of America · +1
4
1925-01-30Charles Forbes Convicted of Veterans Bureau Fraud After Nine-Week Trial
Charles Forbes · Warren G. Harding · E.H. Mortimer · +1
4
1925-01-01Florida Land Boom Epitomizes Unregulated Speculation and Securities Fraud
Carl Fisher · George Merrick · Addison Mizner · +1
4
1924-06-02Revenue Act of 1924 Continues Mellon Tax Cuts for Wealthy, Lowers Top Rate to 46%
Andrew Mellon · Calvin Coolidge · U.S. Congress · +1
4
1924-05-26Immigration Act of 1924 Imposes Racist National Origins Quotas Based on Eugenics
Calvin Coolidge · Albert Johnson · David Reed · +3
6
1924-05-10Hoover Named Acting Director of Bureau of Investigation, Begins 48-Year Tenure
J. Edgar Hoover · Attorney General Harlan Fiske Stone · Bureau of Investigation · +1
4
1924-03-28Coolidge Fires Daugherty for Refusing to Open Justice Department Files
Harry Daugherty · Calvin Coolidge · Warren G. Harding
3
1924-01-15National Industrial Conference Board Coordinates Corporate Anti-Union Propaganda
National Industrial Conference Board · National Association of Manufacturers · U.S. Chamber of Commerce · +1
4
1923-10-15Senate Public Lands Committee Begins Teapot Dome Hearings Under Thomas Walsh
Thomas Walsh · Albert Fall
2
1923-09-01Ku Klux Klan Seizes Control of Indiana State Government
D.C. Stephenson · Ed Jackson · Indiana Republican Party · +1
4
1923-05-30Jesse Smith Suicide Exposes Ohio Gang Justice Department Corruption
Jesse Smith · Harry Daugherty · Warren G. Harding
3
1923-04-09Supreme Court Strikes Down Federal Minimum Wage Law for Women in Adkins Decision
George Sutherland · U.S. Supreme Court · Children's Hospital · +1
4