1990s
The 1990s contain 195 verified events in the Capture Cascade Timeline.
Activity over time
Events per year
| Date | Event | Lanes | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1995-12-20 | FDA Approves OxyContin with Unsubstantiated Safety Claims
5 src Food and Drug Administration · Purdue Pharma · Dr. Curtis Wright · Sackler Family | confirmed | |
| 1995-12-12 | FDA Approval of OxyContin Reveals Systemic Regulatory Capture by Purdue Pharma
3 src Curtis Wright IV · Purdue Pharma · Food and Drug Administration · Division of Anesthetic, Critical Care, and Addiction Drug Products · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1995-11-17 | Russia's Loans-for-Shares Auctions Transfer Major State Enterprises to Yeltsin-Aligned Bankers at Fraction-of-Value Prices, Creating the Oligarch Class
12 src Boris Yeltsin · Anatoly Chubais · Vladimir Potanin · Mikhail Khodorkovsky · +5 | confirmed | |
| 1995-11-01 | Russia's 'Loans-for-Shares' Auctions Transfer $100 Billion in State Assets to Oligarchs for Pennies on the Dollar
4 src Boris Yeltsin · Vladimir Potanin · Mikhail Khodorkovsky · Boris Berezovsky · +4 | confirmed | |
| 1995-07-13 | Detroit Newspaper Strike Ends in Permanent Replacement, Transforms Media Industry Labor Relations
3 src Detroit Free Press · Detroit News · Gannett Company · Knight Ridder · +2 | confirmed | |
| 1995-04-10 | McNamara Memoir Admits Vietnam War Was "Terribly Wrong" - Confession Comes 20 Years Too Late for 58,000 Dead Americans
3 src Former Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara · Brian VanDeMark (co-author) | confirmed | |
| 1995-04-01 | IMF Approves $6.8 Billion Russia Loan With Structural Adjustment Conditions: Second Largest Loan in IMF History Fails to Stabilize Economy
4 src International Monetary Fund · Boris Yeltsin · Bill Clinton · G-7 · +2 | confirmed | |
| 1995-02-01 | Gingrich-DeLay Formalize K Street Project Coordination Structure
4 src Newt Gingrich · Tom DeLay · Grover Norquist | confirmed | |
| 1995-01-10 | CIA Director James Woolsey Departs, Begins Three-Decade Career Monetizing Intelligence Credentials
3 src James Woolsey · Booz Allen Hamilton · Paladin Capital Group · Foundation for Defense of Democracies · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1995-01-10 | Robert Rubin Appointed Treasury Secretary After 26 Years at Goldman Sachs
4 src Robert Rubin · Bill Clinton · Goldman Sachs | confirmed | |
| 1995-01-04 | Tom DeLay Elected Majority Whip - Creates K Street PAC Tracking System
4 src Tom DeLay · Newt Gingrich · Rick Santorum · Grover Norquist | confirmed | |
| 1995-01-01 | ALEC Criminal Justice Task Force Promotes Truth-in-Sentencing Model Legislation Written by Private Prison Industry
4 src American Legislative Exchange Council · Corrections Corporation of America · GEO Group · State Legislators | confirmed | |
| 1995-01-01 | ALEC Develops Tax and Expenditure Limitation Act - Model Bill to Restrict State Revenue and Manufacture Fiscal Crisis
4 src American Legislative Exchange Council · Colorado General Assembly · Corporate funders | confirmed | |
| 1995-01-01 | ALEC Environment Task Force Passes 100+ Anti-Regulation Bills Funded by Fossil Fuel Companies
4 src American Legislative Exchange Council · Koch Industries · ExxonMobil · Peabody Energy · +3 | confirmed | |
| 1995-01-01 | K Street Project Systematically Transforms Washington Lobbying Infrastructure
3 src Tom DeLay · Rick Santorum · Grover Norquist | confirmed | |
| 1994-11-08 | California Proposition 187 Passes 59-41, Galvanizes Latino Voter Mobilization
9 src Pete Wilson · California voters · Latino civil rights organizations · American Civil Liberties Union | confirmed | |
| 1994-11-08 | Republicans Win Historic Midterm Election with Contract with America
3 src Newt Gingrich · Dick Armey · Richard Mellon Scaife · Joseph Coors · +2 | confirmed | |
| 1994-10-25 | Clinton Signs CALEA Requiring Telecom Networks to Be Wiretap-Ready By Design
4 src Bill Clinton · Louis Freeh · Federal Bureau of Investigation · Edward Markey · +2 | confirmed | |
| 1994-10-01 | Operation Gatekeeper Launches Clinton Border Militarization, Funneling Migrants to Deadly Terrain
3 src Bill Clinton · Janet Reno · Doris Meissner · Immigration and Naturalization Service · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1994-09-29 | Riegle-Neal Act Enables Nationwide Bank Consolidation, Mortgage Market Transformation
3 src President Bill Clinton · Senator Donald Riegle · Representative Stephen Neal · American Bankers Association · +2 | confirmed | |
| 1994-09-27 | Dellinger OLC Haiti Memo Establishes 'Consultation-Not-Authorization' Framework for War Powers — the Clinton-Era Doctrinal Bridge
5 src Walter Dellinger · Bill Clinton · U.S. Office of Legal Counsel · Bob Dole · +3 | confirmed | |
| 1994-09-26 | Clinton Healthcare Reform Dies After Insurance Industry Lobbying Campaign
4 src Bill Clinton · Hillary Clinton · Health insurance industry · Health Insurance Association of America · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1994-09-13 | Crime Bill Allocates $8.7 Billion for Prison Construction With Truth-in-Sentencing Requirements
3 src Bill Clinton · State Governors · Prison Construction Industry | confirmed | |
| 1994-09-13 | Federal Three Strikes Law Mandates Life Imprisonment for Third Violent Felony
3 src Bill Clinton · Joe Biden · U.S. Congress | confirmed | |
| 1994-09-13 | Intelligence Community Deploys Intelink, Classified Web-Based Network Enabling Bulk Information Sharing
3 src James Woolsey · R. James Woolsey · Central Intelligence Agency · Defense Intelligence Agency · +2 | confirmed | |
| 1994-09-13 | Violent Crime Control Act Expands Federal Wiretap Predicates and Roving Wiretap Authority
2 src Bill Clinton · Joe Biden · Department of Justice · 103rd Congress | confirmed | |
| 1994-09-13 | Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act Fuels Mass Incarceration
4 src Bill Clinton · Joe Biden · Jack Brooks | confirmed | |
| 1994-08-05 | Kenneth Starr Replaces Robert Fiske as Whitewater Independent Counsel
4 src Kenneth Starr · Robert Fiske · Special Division Court · Bill Clinton | confirmed | |
| 1994-07-01 | Wackenhut Corrections (Later GEO Group) Goes Public on NASDAQ, Second Major Private Prison Company Enters Wall Street
3 src Wackenhut Corrections Corporation (WCC) · GEO Group · George C. Zoley · The Wackenhut Corporation · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1994-06-02 | Matt Blaze Publishes Clipper Chip Security Flaw, Demonstrates Key-Escrow Bypassability
3 src Matt Blaze · AT&T Bell Labs · National Security Agency · National Institute of Standards and Technology | confirmed | |
| 1994-06-01 | FISA Court Annual Report Reveals 99%+ Approval Rate Over 15 Years, Rubber-Stamp Critique Crystallizes
3 src Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court · Department of Justice · Office of Intelligence Policy and Review · Center for National Security Studies | confirmed | |
| 1994-01-12 | Whitewater Investigation Launches Under Special Counsel Robert Fiske
3 src Bill Clinton · Hillary Clinton · Robert Fiske · Janet Reno | confirmed | |
| 1994-01-01 | ALEC Passes Three Strikes Model Legislation Co-Sponsored by Private Prison Industry and NRA
4 src American Legislative Exchange Council · Corrections Corporation of America · GEO Group · National Rifle Association · +2 | confirmed | |
| 1994-01-01 | Jack Abramoff Joins Preston Gates - Launches Tribal Lobbying Practice
3 src Jack Abramoff · Preston Gates & Ellis · Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians · Nell Rogers · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1994-01-01 | NAFTA Implementation Begins Manufacturing Job Hemorrhage
4 src Bill Clinton · George H.W. Bush · Carlos Salinas de Gortari · U.S. Chamber of Commerce · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1994-01-01 | NAFTA Takes Effect as Zapatista Uprising Protests Privatization of Indigenous Lands
4 src EZLN Zapatista Army · Mexican Government · Indigenous Campesinos · Bill Clinton · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1993-12-20 | Epstein Attends Trump's Wedding to Marla Maples
5 src Jeffrey Epstein · Donald Trump · Marla Maples | confirmed | |
| 1993-12-08 | Clinton Signs NAFTA Creating Corporate Tribunals to Override National Laws
4 src Bill Clinton · Al Gore · Robert Rubin · NAFTA Corporate Lobbies · +2 | confirmed | |
| 1993-06-01 | $25 Million Corporate Lobbying Blitz Drives NAFTA Passage Despite Labor Opposition
4 src Business Roundtable · U.S. Chamber of Commerce · National Association of Manufacturers · American Express · +3 | confirmed | |
| 1993-05-20 | National Voter Registration Act (Motor Voter): Expands Registration Access Despite Republican Opposition and Implementation Resistance
3 src Bill Clinton · U.S. Congress · Republican Governors · ACORN · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1993-04-16 | Clinton White House Announces Clipper Chip, NSA-Designed Backdoor Encryption with Government Key Escrow
3 src Bill Clinton · Al Gore · National Security Agency · National Institute of Standards and Technology · +2 | confirmed | |
| 1993-02-26 | Port Authority Hires Kroll Associates After 1993 World Trade Center Bombing -- Private Intelligence Enters Counterterrorism
4 src Jules Kroll · Kroll Associates · Brian Michael Jenkins · Port Authority of New York and New Jersey | confirmed | |
| 1993-02-01 | US Customs Opens Criminal Investigation of Phil Zimmermann Over PGP Encryption Export
3 src Phil Zimmermann · U.S. Customs Service · RSA Security · Department of Justice · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1993-01-22 | Zoe Baird Nomination Collapses Over Undocumented Nanny, Launching Immigration Enforcement Politicization
3 src Bill Clinton · Zoe Baird · U.S. Senate · Kimba Wood · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1993-01-14 | CFTC Chair Wendy Gramm Exempts Enron from Derivatives Regulation, Joins Board Five Weeks Later
4 src Wendy Gramm · Phil Gramm · Enron Corporation · CFTC Commodity Futures Trading Commission · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1993-01-01 | Grover Norquist Wednesday Meetings Begin - Conservative Coordination Hub
3 src Grover Norquist · Americans for Tax Reform · Republican Congressional Leadership · K Street Lobbyists | confirmed | |
| 1993-01-01 | Philip Morris Creates TASSC Front Group, Exporting Tobacco Doubt Tactics to Climate Denial
4 src Philip Morris · The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition · Frederick Seitz · Fred Singer · +2 | confirmed | |
| 1993-01-01 | Sean Combs founds Bad Boy Records with strategic Arista Records investment
4 src Sean Combs · Bad Boy Records · Clive Davis · Arista Records · +2 | confirmed | |
| 1993-01-01 | Trump appears in Epstein aircraft logbooks multiple times (DOJ exhibits)
3 src Donald Trump · Jeffrey Epstein | confirmed | |
| 1992-12-24 | Bush Pardons Six Iran-Contra Officials on Christmas Eve, Completing Cover-Up
3 src George H.W. Bush · Caspar Weinberger · Robert McFarlane · Elliott Abrams · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1992-11-03 | Oregon Voters Defeat Measure 9, Anti-LGBTQ Constitutional Amendment Backed by Christian Right
4 src Oregon Citizens Alliance · Lon Mabon · Christian Coalition · No on 9 Coalition | confirmed | |
| 1992-11-01 | Trump and Epstein at Mar-a-Lago Party with NFL Cheerleaders
3 src Donald Trump · Jeffrey Epstein | confirmed | |
| 1992-11-01 | Trump Plaza Hotel in Manhattan Files for Bankruptcy Protection
3 src Donald Trump | reported | |
| 1992-10-29 | FDA Prescription Drug User Fee Act Creates Financial Dependence on Pharmaceutical Industry
3 src Food and Drug Administration · PhRMA · U.S. Congress · Pharmaceutical companies | confirmed | |
| 1992-10-01 | Russia Begins Mass Voucher Privatization: 148 Million Citizens Given Certificates Worth 'Two Volga Cars' That Become Worthless
7 src Anatoly Chubais · Boris Yeltsin · State Committee for State Property Management · Russian Government | confirmed | |
| 1992-06-16 | Defense Secretary Caspar Weinberger Indicted on Five Iran-Contra Felonies
3 src Caspar Weinberger · Lawrence Walsh · Ronald Reagan · George H.W. Bush | confirmed | |
| 1992-06-13 | Clinton Uses 'Sister Souljah Moment' to Distance Democrats from Black Community
4 src Bill Clinton · Sister Souljah · Jesse Jackson · Rainbow Coalition · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1992-05-01 | Los Angeles Riots Trigger Immigration Enforcement Intensification, 1,000 Deportations
3 src Immigration and Naturalization Service · Los Angeles Police Department · Pete Wilson · George H.W. Bush | confirmed | |
| 1992-04-06 | Caterpillar Defeats UAW Strike Using Permanent Replacement Threat, Pattern Bargaining Collapses
3 src Caterpillar Inc. · United Automobile Workers · Donald Fites | confirmed | |
| 1992-03-09 | Trump Castle and Trump Plaza File Simultaneous Bankruptcies
3 src Donald Trump | reported | |
| 1992-03-01 | FBI Launches Digital Telephony Initiative Demanding Wiretap-Ready Design in New Networks
3 src William Sessions · Federal Bureau of Investigation · Louis Freeh · National Telecommunications and Information Administration · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1992-01-02 | Russia Launches 'Shock Therapy' Economic Reforms: Price Liberalization Triggers 2,520% Inflation and Economic Collapse
5 src Boris Yeltsin · Yegor Gaidar · Jeffrey Sachs · Harvard University · +2 | confirmed | |
| 1992-01-01 | Christian Coalition Distributes 40 Million Voter Guides Through Churches: Electoral Infrastructure Embedded in Religious Institutions
2 src Pat Robertson · Ralph Reed · Christian Coalition | confirmed | |
| 1992-01-01 | Harvard Receives $40 Million USAID Contract to Advise Russia's Economic Transition: 'Harvard's Blank Check from Uncle Sam'
10 src Harvard Institute for International Development · Andrei Shleifer · Jonathan Hay · Lawrence Summers · +2 | confirmed | |
| 1992-01-01 | SEC Investigates Madoff Feeder Fund Avellino & Bienes, Misses $65 Billion Ponzi Scheme in First Regulatory Failure
3 src Securities and Exchange Commission · Bernie Madoff · Avellino & Bienes · H. David Kotz | confirmed | |
| 1991-12-01 | Harvard's Sachs Becomes Yeltsin Economic Advisor After 'Grand Bargain' for Soviet Support Rejected by Bush Administration
4 src Jeffrey Sachs · Boris Yeltsin · Mikhail Gorbachev · Yegor Gaidar · +4 | confirmed | |
| 1991-11-20 | Keating Five Ethics Findings: Cranston Reprimanded, Systemic Corruption Exposed
3 src Alan Cranston · Dennis DeConcini · Donald Riegle · John Glenn · +3 | confirmed | |
| 1991-07-05 | BCCI Bank Shut Down After Exposing CIA Drug Money Laundering Network
3 src William Casey · Manuel Noriega · Adnan Khashoggi · Manucher Ghorbanifar | confirmed | |
| 1991-07-05 | Kroll Associates Investigates BCCI Collapse, Demonstrating Private Intelligence Capability Rivaling Government Agencies
4 src Jules Kroll · Kroll Associates · Bank of Credit and Commerce International · Robert Morgenthau · +3 | confirmed | |
| 1991-07-01 | Trump Taj Mahal Files First Bankruptcy After Junk Bond Collapse
3 src Donald Trump | confirmed | |
| 1991-07-01 | Trump's Six Bankruptcies: Pattern of Borrowing Heavily and Walking Away
3 src Donald Trump | confirmed | |
| 1991-06-15 | FBI Cellular Surveillance Pilot Programs Establish Mass-Collection Template Before CALEA
3 src Federal Bureau of Investigation · William Sessions · Harris Corporation · National Security Agency | confirmed | |
| 1991-06-05 | Trump Plaza Fined $200,000 for Removing Black Employees from Gaming Floor
3 src Donald Trump · Robert LiButti · Kip Brown | confirmed | |
| 1991-06-04 | Minnesota Enacts First Charter School Law, Creating Template for Education Privatization
3 src Governor Arne Carlson · Minnesota Legislature · Citizens League · Ted Kolderie · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1991-01-01 | George C. Marshall Institute Becomes Central Node in Fossil Fuel-Funded Climate Denial
4 src George C. Marshall Institute · Frederick Seitz · Fred Singer · Robert Jastrow · +3 | confirmed | |
| 1991-01-01 | Leonard Leo Joins Federalist Society, Begins Strategic Judicial Talent Pipeline
3 src Leonard Leo · Federalist Society | confirmed | |
| 1991-01-01 | Leslie Wexner granted Epstein power of attorney in 1991; later alleged 'at least $46M' misappropriated
3 src Jeffrey Epstein · Leslie Wexner · The Limited · Victoria's Secret · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1991-01-01 | Saudi Prince Alwaleed bin Talal purchases Trump yacht during financial crisis
3 src Prince Alwaleed bin Talal · Donald Trump · Trump Organization · Saudi Arabia | confirmed | |
| 1991-01-01 | Sean Combs joins Uptown Records under Andre Harrell, beginning rapid rise
4 src Sean Combs · Andre Harrell · Uptown Records · Russell Simmons | confirmed | |
| 1990-11-29 | Immigration Act of 1990 Expands Legal Immigration, Creates Diversity Visa Lottery
3 src George H.W. Bush · Edward Kennedy · Alan Simpson · U.S. Congress | confirmed | |
| 1990-11-15 | Clean Air Act Amendments Pass with Industry-Preferred Market Mechanisms Over Direct Regulation
3 src George H.W. Bush · Environmental Defense Fund · Edison Electric Institute · American Petroleum Institute · +2 | confirmed | |
| 1990-10-29 | Jesse Helms 'White Hands' Ad Weaponizes Affirmative Action Against Black Senate Candidate
3 src Jesse Helms · Harvey Gantt · Alex Castellanos · Carter Wrenn · +1 | confirmed | |
| 1990-10-01 | Black, Manafort, Stone & Kelly Begins Lobbying for Kashmiri American Council, Later Revealed as Pakistani ISI Front
5 src Paul Manafort · Black Manafort Stone and Kelly · Kashmiri American Council · Syed Ghulam Nabi Fai · +2 | confirmed | |
| 1990-07-25 | Keating Lincoln Savings Civil RICO Fraud Indictment
3 src Charles H. Keating Jr. · Charles Keating III | confirmed | |
| 1990-05-01 | Putin's Transition from KGB to St. Petersburg Government: Early Regulatory Personnel Shift
4 src Vladimir Putin · Anatoly Sobchak · KGB Personnel · St. Petersburg City Administration | confirmed | |
| 1990-04-25 | Treasury Creates FinCEN, Centralizing Financial Surveillance of American Banking
3 src Nicholas Brady · Department of the Treasury · Financial Crimes Enforcement Network · George H.W. Bush | confirmed | |
| 1990-03-27 | Milwaukee Parental Choice Program Creates First Publicly-Funded Private School Vouchers
3 src Governor Tommy Thompson · Representative Polly Williams · Bradley Foundation · Milwaukee Public Schools | confirmed | |
| 1990-02-16 | Reagan Testifies "I Don't Recall" Repeatedly in Iran-Contra Deposition
3 src Ronald Reagan · John Poindexter | confirmed | |
| 1990-01-01 | CNP Membership Includes Reagan Cabinet Officials - Meese and North Join Elite Network
2 src Council for National Policy · Edwin Meese · Oliver North · Donald Hodel | confirmed | |
| 1990-01-01 | Epstein Purchases Property Near Mar-a-Lago
3 src Jeffrey Epstein · Donald Trump | confirmed | |
| 1990-01-01 | Federal Reserve Begins Systematic Dismantling of Glass-Steagall Restrictions
3 src Federal Reserve Board · Alan Greenspan · JP Morgan & Co. · Morgan Stanley | confirmed | |
| 1990-01-01 | Hoover Institution Organizational Profile: Leveraging Stanford Prestige for Conservative Policy Legitimacy
4 src Hoover Institution · Herbert Hoover · Stanford University · Ronald Reagan · +5 | confirmed | |
| 1990-01-01 | S&L Crisis Lessons Documented But Ignored: Stage Set for 2008 Repeat
3 src Financial regulators · U.S. Congress · Banking industry · Economics profession | confirmed | |
| 1990-01-01 | Trump Taj Mahal Casino Opens with $675 Million Junk Bond Debt Crisis
3 src Donald Trump · Carl Icahn · Marvin Roffman · Trump Taj Mahal | confirmed | |
| 1990-01-01 | Union Avoidance Consulting Industry Emerges as $400+ Million Annual Business
3 src Union avoidance consultants · Corporate employers · Labor Management Institute · National Labor Relations Board | confirmed |